Carolina Reaper

Also known as HP22B · Reaper · Smokin' Ed's Carolina Reaper

The legendary superhot pepper that held the Guinness World Record for the hottest chili pepper from 2013 to 2023.

Growing

~105 days to maturity

Fruit size

5–7.5 cm

Flavor & Use

Surprisingly sweet and fruity with cherry and floral notes at first, followed by an extremely intense, slow-building, and very long-lasting heat that many describe as "molten lava".

fruitysweetfloralcherrycinnamon

Culinary

extreme hot sauceseating challengestiny amounts in cookingfermented mashesspice powdersBBQ glazes

About

Developed by "Smokin' Ed" Currie of PuckerButt Pepper Company, the Carolina Reaper is a Capsicum chinense cultivar famous for its extreme heat and surprisingly complex flavor. It features a distinctive gnarled, warty pod with a curved "stinger" tail. While it delivers one of the most intense and lingering burns known, many tasters first notice sweet, fruity, and floral notes with hints of cherry before the heat builds dramatically. It remained the world's hottest commercially available pepper for a decade until Currie himself created Pepper X.

Backstory

Developed by "Smokin' Ed" Currie of PuckerButt Pepper Company in Fort Mill, South Carolina, the Carolina Reaper was created through years of careful cross-breeding starting around 2001. Currie crossed a super-hot Naga pepper (Bhut Jolokia) from the Indian subcontinent with a La Soufrière habanero-type pepper from Saint Vincent in the Caribbean. What began as an experiment to create a flavorful hot pepper unexpectedly produced one of the hottest and most distinctive varieties ever known. After stabilizing the hybrid over many generations, one plant stood out for its extreme potency and unique appearance — featuring the curved "stinger" tail that inspired the name "Reaper". It was officially certified by Guinness World Records in 2017 with an average of 1,641,183 SHU and remained the world's hottest commercially available pepper for a decade until Currie himself created its successor, Pepper X, in 2023.

Appearance

ShapeGnarled and wrinkled with prominent curved stinger tail
ColorGreen · Red
Size5–7.5 cm
WallThin
SkinWrinkled

Growing

SunFull
WaterModerate
ClimateSubtropical
Days to maturity105 days
Plant height90–150 cm
Soil pH6.2–6.8
Germination10–30 days
Spacing60 cm
HardinessZones 10-12

Heritage

StabilizedExplore

Carolina Reaper is a stabilized line from Pakistani Naga and La Soufrière habanero.

Ed Currie · 2012

Parents

Pakistani Naga

Not a named variety

La Soufrière habanero

Not a named variety

Currie’s interviews name a Pakistani Naga × a La Soufrière pepper from Saint Vincent, selected over many years as HP22B. Neither parent is a standalone named cultivar; shop pages stay silent on the cross.

Sources