Fresno

Also known as Fresno Chile · Fresno Pepper · Fresno Chili · Red Fresno Chile · Red Jalapeño (informal)

The Fresno pepper is a bright, medium-hot California chili known for its smooth skin, juicy flesh, and vibrant red color when ripe. It is slightly hotter and fruitier than a jalapeño and is a favorite for fresh salsas, pickling, and topping dishes.

Growing

~75 days to maturity

Fruit size

5–10 cm

Flavor & Use

Bright and fruity with a crisp, juicy bite and clean heat. More vibrant and slightly sweeter than a typical jalapeño, especially when fully red and ripe.

fruitybrightslightly sweettangyclean heatsmoky when cooked

Culinary

fresh salsaspickled slicesnachostacosburritosguacamolecheese dishessandwichesrelisheshot saucespizzasceviches

About

Fresno peppers are 2–4 inches long, conical, and slightly curved with smooth, glossy skin. They start dark green and ripen to a brilliant bright red. Thinner walls than a jalapeño yet very juicy and crisp. Heat ranges 2,500–10,000 SHU.

Backstory

Developed in 1952 by Clarence “Brownie” Hamlin on his farm in Clovis (Fresno County), California. Bred as a brighter, juicier, fruitier alternative to the jalapeño perfectly suited to local conditions. Quickly became a California farmers’ market and Mexican-American cuisine staple for its striking red color and balanced heat.

Appearance

ShapeConical, slightly curved
ColorDark green · Bright red
Size5–10 cm
WallThin
SkinSmooth

Growing

SunFull
WaterModerate
ClimateWarm
Days to maturity75 days
Plant height60–90 cm
Soil pH6–7
Germination7–14 days
Spacing45 cm
HardinessZones 9-11

Heritage

We don't have a documented family for this pepper yet.

Sources