Aleppo

Also known as Aleppo Pepper · Halaby Pepper · Pul Biber · Aleppo Chile

The Aleppo pepper (also known as Halaby pepper or Pul Biber) is a vibrant, medium-hot dried chili from Syria with a fruity, smoky, and tangy flavor. It is a staple in Middle Eastern and Mediterranean cooking, prized for its bright heat that enhances rather than overwhelms dishes.

Growing

~80 days to maturity

Fruit size

5–10 cm

Flavor & Use

Fruity and slightly sweet with tangy, berry-like notes and a gentle smoky finish. The heat is bright and clean rather than sharp, making it extremely versatile as a finishing spice.

fruitysmokytangysweetberry-like

Culinary

kebabssaladsmezzeyogurt dipssoupsstewseggsroasted vegetablesspice rubsolive oil infusionshummusgrilled meats

About

Aleppo peppers are small, elongated pods that are typically harvested red and then sun-dried. When dried they become dark red and slightly wrinkled. They are most commonly sold as coarse flakes with a beautiful deep-red color. Heat is mild-to-medium (7,500–10,000 SHU) with a pleasant, lingering warmth.

Backstory

Named after the city of Aleppo in Syria, where it has been cultivated for centuries. It is a key ingredient in Syrian and Turkish cuisine and gained international popularity as a finishing spice. The peppers are traditionally sun-dried and crushed into flakes with a small amount of oil and salt to preserve their vibrant color and flavor.

Appearance

ShapeSmall, elongated, tapered
ColorGreen · Orange · Red · Burgundy
Size5–10 cm
WallMedium
SkinSmooth

Growing

SunFull
WaterModerate
ClimateSubtropical
Days to maturity80 days
Plant height60–120 cm
Soil pH6–6.8
Germination7–14 days
Spacing45 cm
HardinessZones 9-11

Heritage

LandraceExplore

Aleppo is a traditional landrace.

Slow Food records Aleppo as a local garden variety from northern Syria; Baker Creek and a GCSAR journal trial treat the same C. annuum type as a long-kept Syrian genotype. No source names parents or a planned cross.

Sources