Aji Panca

Also known as Aji Brown · Ají Panca · Panca Chile · Peruvian Red Pepper

A mild Peruvian chile pepper prized for its smoky, berry-like sweetness and rich color. Second only to Aji Amarillo in popularity in its native cuisine.

Growing

~100 days to maturity

Fruit size

7–13 cm

Flavor & Use

Sweet and smoky with subtle fruity notes reminiscent of blueberries and blackberries; raisin-like when dried, with smoky overtones and mild lingering heat.

sweetsmokyfruityberry-likeraisin-like

Culinary

Peruvian sauces and pastesanticuchos marinadesstews and adobossoupsrice dishesseafoodgrilled meatsdry rubssalads

About

Aji Panca (also known as Ají Panca, Panca Chile, or Aji Brown) is an elongated, conical chile pepper native to the coastal regions of Peru. Measuring 3–5 inches long with deep ridges and thick flesh, it matures from green to a deep red/mahogany and is most commonly sold dried (turning chocolate brown). It offers a distinctive sweet and smoky flavor with subtle fruity notes reminiscent of blueberries and blackberries — raisin-like when dried — and only mild lingering heat. Essential in Peruvian cooking for adding depth, color, and complexity to marinades, sauces, stews, and more.

Backstory

Cultivated in Peru since ancient (pre-Incan) times along the coast. Traditionally sun-dried by farmers and used in everyday Creole and street-food dishes such as anticuchos (grilled meat skewers) and adobo-style stews. It provides rich color and layered flavor without overwhelming heat.

Appearance

ShapeElongated conical with deep ridges
ColorGreen · Deep red · Mahogany · Chocolate brown (dried)
Size7–13 cm
WallMedium
SkinSlightly wrinkled

Growing

SunFull
WaterModerate
ClimateSubtropical
Days to maturity100 days
Plant height120–180 cm
Soil pH6–7
Germination10–21 days
Spacing60 cm
HardinessZones 9-11

Heritage

LandraceExplore

Aji Panca is a traditional landrace.

NMSU’s 1997 Chile Pepper Institute note and UNALM’s native-ají surveys both treat Panca as a farmer-kept coastal Peruvian type with no named parents. Genebank and catalog pages repeat that origin and name no cross.

Sources